Twins shed light on genetic mysteries

1 November 2010

Identical twins Emily and Keeley couldn't have looked more different at birth.

While it is hard to separate the pair today, Emily was born weighing a kilogram less than her sister and suffering from a bowel condition.

 The reason why two people with the same DNA can develop differences in appearance, personality and health has been a long-standing puzzle for scientists.

 However, a new area of science called epigenetics - which studies the chemical markers around genes - is helping to shed light on the mystery.

 Led by Dr Richard Saffery and Dr Jeff Craig our researchers are conducting a study involving 250 sets of twins to find out how the environmental factors babies encounter in the womb can influence their genes and longer term health, independent of their DNA sequence.

 It is hoped the study, published inHuman Molecular Genetics, will provide information not only on how the process occurs in twins but in all individuals, giving scientists a better understanding of the role of epigenetics on health.

 Mum Rebecca Wardley said the research had given her an insight into the science behind the initial differences between her twins.

 "Being identical twins, I just presumed the girls would look the same when they were born so it was a big surprise when they came out looking different," Rebecca said. "It's good to now know why some of these differences may have occurred."