Developmental Imaging research
Healthy brain development, individual differences and recovery from illness and injury.
The Developmental Imaging research group at MCRI is at the forefront of paediatric brain imaging (Melbourne Children's Campus).
Our aim is to:
- improve our knowledge of childhood development and health through the use of sophisticated imaging and analysis techniques.
- translate our findings and innovations into improved diagnostic and therapeutic care for children and adolescents.
Our multidisciplinary team comprises neuroscientists, specialist radiographers (MR technologists), neuropsychologists, and engineers. We divide our group into specialist teams, including bioinformatics and Clinical Developmental Neuropsychology.
Our research focus
Our team explores how the brain develops from infancy through adolescence, and how various factors, such as genetics, environment, and early life experiences, can influence that development. We use advanced imaging technologies, machine learning and data analysis to:
- Understand typical brain growth and function
- Investigate how early challenges like preterm birth or illness affect brain development
- Identify early signs of developmental and neurological conditions
- Support global child health through brain-focused research in diverse settings
- Translate research into clinical tools that improve diagnosis and care.
Group Leaders
Team Leaders
Group Members
Our projects
Automated infant movement scoring: from smartphones to screening
Using AI to help detect motor disability earlier, so children get help sooner.
We apply artificial intelligence (AI) models to analyse short smartphone videos of infants at three months of age, identifying subtle movement patterns associated with cerebral palsy.
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Shaping the future of MRI-driven medical research
Advancing world-class developmental imaging research on the Melbourne Children’s Campus through the purchase of the Siemens 3T Cima.X MRI system.
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U-TIC TS study
The U-TIC TS Study is a longitudinal project examining tics and premonitory urges (PU) in adolescents with Tourette syndrome (TS). We will explore how young people experience tics and PU and compare this to brain activity measured using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
As part of this project, we want to find out how young people’s experiences of tics relate to what happens in their brains before and during a tic. All data collection is being conducted at Murdoch Children's Research Institute.
Read more...Neuroscience Advanced Clinical Imaging Service (NACIS)
The Neuroscience Advanced Clinical Imaging Service (NACIS) is a translational clinical and research program embedded within the Neurosurgery Department at The Royal Children’s Hospital (RCH)
NACIS provides advanced neuroimaging analysis, integration and visualisation to support multidisciplinary specialist teams, enhancing clinical decision‑making and neurosurgical care.
Using cutting‑edge brain imaging and image‑processing techniques that go beyond conventional MRI, NACIS helps make previously invisible features of brain disorders visible.
This service aims to improve diagnosis, treatment planning and long‑term outcomes for children with neurological conditions, ultimately enhancing quality of life.
NACIS is generously funded by the Good Friday Appeal through The Royal Children’s Hospital Foundation.
Peri/Postnatal Epigenetic Twins Study (PETS)
Part of this study includes a focus on brain development in twins. Brain development and thinking skills begin before birth, with significant maturation occurring between the ages of seven and 11. Both genetic and environmental factors play an important role. The information collected during pregnancy provides a valuable opportunity to examine how early life factors influence brain development in mid‑childhood.
Funded by National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Neurodevelopmental outcomes following supplements in pregnancy
These projects are funded through the Gate Foundation and are investigating neurodevelopmental outcomes following IntraVenous Iron for Anaemia in pregnancy in families based in Malawi and Bangladesh.
MLS Seal, R Beare
Understanding early cortical development following preterm birth
This National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) funded project combines advanced imaging and genomic technologies to map patterns of early brain development in preterm born infants, identifying how adverse early events can impact how the brain grows in infancy.
G Ball, S Oldham
Detecting abnormal movements in infants at risk of developing cerebral palsy
Funded by the Rebecca L Cooper Medical Research Foundation, this project aims to use advanced machine learning methods to enable the early detection of abnormal movement patterns from smartphone video recordings of infants at high risk of developing serious motor disorders such as cerebral palsy.
G Ball, E Passmore, S Greenstein
Funding
Thank you to our supporters:
- National Health Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
- The Good Friday Appeal via the Royal Children’s Hospital Foundation
- Australian Research Council (ARC)
- The Gates Foundation
- Rebecca L Cooper Medical Research Foundation
- Brain Foundation
- HeartKids
Collaborations
We collaborate with leading institutions worldwide, including:
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King’s College London
- Lifespan Brain Institute, the University of Pennsylvania
Featured publications
Ball G, Oldham S, Kyriakopoulou V, Williams LZJ, Karolis V, Price A, Hutter J, Seal ML, Alexander-Bloch A, Hajnal JV, Edwards AD, Robinson EC, Seidlitz J. Molecular signatures of cortical expansion in the human fetal brain. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2024 Feb 13:2024.02.13.580198. doi: 10.1101/2024.02.13.580198. Update in: Nat Commun. 2024 Nov 8;15(1):9685. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-54034-2. PMID: 38405710; PMCID: PMC10888819.
Passmore E, Kwong AL, Greenstein S, Olsen JE, Eeles AL, Cheong JLY, Spittle AJ, Ball G. Automated identification of abnormal infant movements from smart phone videos. PLOS Digit Health. 2024 Feb 22;3(2):e0000432. doi: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000432. PMID: 38386627; PMCID: PMC10883563.
Genc S, Ball G, Chamberland M, Raven EP, Tax CM, Ward I, Yang JY, Palombo M, Jones DK. MRI signatures of cortical microstructure in human development align with oligodendrocyte cell-type expression. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2024 Jul 30:2024.07.30.605934. doi: 10.1101/2024.07.30.605934. Update in: Nat Commun. 2025 Apr 7;16(1):3317. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-58604-w. PMID: 39131383; PMCID: PMC11312524.
Stuart OldhamSina Mansour L.Gareth Ball; Perinatal development of structural thalamocortical connectivity. Imaging Neuroscience 2025; 3 imag_a_00418. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/imag_a_00418
Oldham S, Ball G. A phylogenetically-conserved axis of thalamocortical connectivity in the human brain. Nat Commun. 2023 Sep 27;14(1):6032. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41722-8. PMID: 37758726; PMCID: PMC10533558.
Cortical remodelling in childhood is associated with genes enriched for neurodevelopmental disorders.
Gareth Ball, Jason Seidlitz, Richard Beare, Marc L Seal (2020). Neuroimage, Volume 215, 15 July 2020, 116803.
Individual variation underlying brain age estimates in typical development.
Gareth Ball, Claire E Kelly, Richard Beare & Marc L Seal. (2021). NeuroImage, 235, 118036.
Long-term development of white matter fibre density and morphology up to 13 years after preterm birth: A fixel-based analysis.
Claire E Kelly et al …NeuroImage, 220, 117068
A new neonatal cortical and subcortical brain atlas: the Melbourne Children's Regional Infant Brain (M-CRIB) atlas (2017).
Bonnie Alexander et al. NeuroImage 147, 841-851.
Diffusion MRI tractography for neurosurgery: the basics, current state, technical reliability, and challenges.
Yang JYM, Yeh CH, Poupon C, Calamante F. (2021). Phys Med Biol. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34157706.